{"id":2534,"date":"2010-07-24T16:02:28","date_gmt":"2010-07-24T15:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/?p=2534"},"modified":"2026-06-07T16:15:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T15:15:04","slug":"science-and-islam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/?p=2534","title":{"rendered":"Science and Islam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jimal-khalili.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Al-Khalili<\/a> travels through Syria, Iran, Tunisia and Spain to tell the story of the great leap in scientific knowledge that took place in the Islamic world between the 8th and 14th centuries.<\/p>\n<p class=\"jetpack-slideshow-noscript robots-nocontent\">This slideshow requires JavaScript.<\/p><div id=\"gallery-2534-1-slideshow\" class=\"jetpack-slideshow-window jetpack-slideshow jetpack-slideshow-black\" data-trans=\"fade\" data-autostart=\"1\" data-gallery=\"[{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2010\\\/07\\\/Ep1.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2539&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Epis\\u00f3dio 1: The Language of Science&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;itemprop&quot;:&quot;image&quot;},{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2010\\\/07\\\/Ep2.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2540&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Epis\\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;itemprop&quot;:&quot;image&quot;},{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2010\\\/07\\\/Ep3.jpg&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;2541&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Epis\\u00f3dio 3: The Power of Doubt&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;itemprop&quot;:&quot;image&quot;}]\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\"><\/div>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li>Fonte: BBC FOUR <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/b00gnqck\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science and Islam<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Vers\u00e3o legendada em portugu\u00eas do brasil:<\/h4>\n<p><ul id='GTTabs_ul_2534' class='GTTabs' style='display:none'>\n<li id='GTTabs_li_0_2534' class='GTTabs_curr'><a  id=\"2534_0\" onMouseOver=\"GTTabsShowLinks('Epis\u00f3dio 1: The Language of Science'); return true;\"  onMouseOut=\"GTTabsShowLinks();\"  class='GTTabsLinks'>Epis\u00f3dio 1: The Language of Science<\/a><\/li>\n<li id='GTTabs_li_1_2534' ><a  id=\"2534_1\" onMouseOver=\"GTTabsShowLinks('Epis\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason'); return true;\"  onMouseOut=\"GTTabsShowLinks();\"  class='GTTabsLinks'>Epis\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason<\/a><\/li>\n<li id='GTTabs_li_2_2534' ><a  id=\"2534_2\" onMouseOver=\"GTTabsShowLinks('Epis\u00f3dio 3: The Power of Doubt'); return true;\"  onMouseOut=\"GTTabsShowLinks();\"  class='GTTabsLinks'>Epis\u00f3dio 3: The Power of Doubt<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class='GTTabs_divs GTTabs_curr_div' id='GTTabs_0_2534'>\n<span class='GTTabs_titles'><b>Epis\u00f3dio 1: The Language of Science<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jimal-khalili.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Al-Khalili<\/a> travels through Syria, Iran, Tunisia and Spain to tell the story of the great leap in scientific knowledge that took place in the Islamic world between the 8th and 14th centuries.<\/p>\n<p>Its legacy is tangible, with terms like algebra, algorithm and alkali all being Arabic in origin and at the very heart of modern science &#8211; there would be no modern mathematics or physics without algebra, no computers without algorithms and no chemistry without alkalis.<\/p>\n<p>For Baghdad-born Al-Khalili this is also a personal journey and on his travels he uncovers a diverse and outward-looking culture, fascinated by learning and obsessed with science. From the great mathematician <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Al-Khwarizmi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Al-Khwarizmi<\/a>, who did much to establish the mathematical tradition we now know as algebra, to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avicenna\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ibn Sina<\/a>, a pioneer of early medicine whose Canon of Medicine was still in use as recently as the 19th century, he pieces together a remarkable story of the often-overlooked achievements of the early medieval Islamic scientists.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style><div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/a9PpzoSQgCQ\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p><div class='GTTabsNavigation' style='display:none'><span class='GTTabs_nav_next'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_2534' onClick='GTTabs_show(1,2534)'>Epis\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason &gt;&gt;<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class='GTTabs_divs' id='GTTabs_1_2534'>\n<span class='GTTabs_titles'><b>Epis\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jimal-khalili.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim Al-Khalili<\/a> travels through Syria, Iran, Tunisia and Spain to tell the story of the great leap in scientific knowledge that took place in the Islamic world between the 8th and 14th centuries.<\/p>\n<p>Al-Khalili travels to northern Syria to discover how, a thousand years ago, the great astronomer and mathematician <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Abu_Rayhan_Biruni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Al-Biruni<\/a> estimated the size of the earth to within a few hundred miles of the correct figure.<\/p>\n<p>He discovers how medieval Islamic scholars helped turn the magical and occult practice of alchemy into modern chemistry.<\/p>\n<p>In Cairo, he tells the story of the extraordinary physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alhazen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ibn al-Haytham<\/a>, who helped establish the modern science of optics and proved one of the most fundamental principles in physics &#8211; that light travels in straight lines.<\/p>\n<p>Prof Al-Khalili argues that these scholars are among the first people to insist that all scientific theories are backed up by careful experimental observation, bringing a rigour to science that didn&#8217;t really exist before.<\/p>\n<p>Physicist Jim Al-Khalili suggests that medieval Islamic scholars were the first to introduce the idea of scientific method.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style><div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/DmEoHr0kWWU\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p><div class='GTTabsNavigation' style='display:none'><span class='GTTabs_nav_prev'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_2534' onClick='GTTabs_show(0,2534)'>&lt;&lt; Epis\u00f3dio 1: The Language of Science<\/a><\/span><span class='GTTabs_nav_next'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_2534' onClick='GTTabs_show(2,2534)'>Epis\u00f3dio 3: The Power of Doubt &gt;&gt;<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class='GTTabs_divs' id='GTTabs_2_2534'>\n<span class='GTTabs_titles'><b>Epis\u00f3dio 3: The Power of Doubt<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Physicist Jim Al-Khalili tells the story of the great leap in scientific knowledge that took place in the Islamic world between the 8th and 14th centuries.<\/p>\n<p>Al-Khalili turns detective, hunting for clues that show how the scientific revolution that took place in the 16th and 17th centuries in Europe had its roots in the earlier world of medieval Islam. He travels across Iran, Syria and Egypt to discover the huge astronomical advances made by Islamic scholars through their obsession with accurate measurement and coherent and rigorous mathematics.<\/p>\n<p>He then visits Italy to see how those Islamic ideas permeated into the West and ultimately helped shape the works of the great European astronomer <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolaus_Copernicus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Copernicus<\/a>, and investigates why science in the Islamic world appeared to go into decline after the 16th and 17th centuries, only for it to re-emerge in the present day.<\/p>\n<p>Al-Khalili ends his journey in the Royan Institute in the Iranian capital Tehran, looking at how science is now regarded in the Islamic world.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style><div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/yrLhxkqlg7c\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><div class='GTTabsNavigation' style='display:none'><span class='GTTabs_nav_prev'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_2534' onClick='GTTabs_show(1,2534)'>&lt;&lt; Epis\u00f3dio 2: The Empire of Reason<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\">Vers\u00e3o integral n\u00e3o legendada:<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style><div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube-nocookie.com\/embed\/M9eLxDm7mrE?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Physicist Jim Al-Khalili travels through Syria, Iran, Tunisia and Spain to tell the story of the great leap in scientific knowledge that took place in the Islamic world between the 8th and 14th centuries.&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,3,7],"tags":[77,75,13,78,76,74],"series":[],"class_list":["post-2534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-e-tecnologia","category-matematica","category-video","tag-al-biruni","tag-al-khwarizmi","tag-documentario","tag-ibn-al-haytham","tag-ibn-sina","tag-jim-al-khalili"],"views":5708,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/07\/Science_and_Islam_520x245.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2534"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28062,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2534\/revisions\/28062"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2534"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fseries&post=2534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}