{"id":17425,"date":"2020-11-10T00:46:36","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T00:46:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/?p=17425"},"modified":"2022-09-13T20:02:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-13T19:02:00","slug":"cosmos-a-personal-voyage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/?p=17425","title":{"rendered":"Cosmos: A Personal Voyage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"287\" data-attachment-id=\"17457\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/?attachment_id=17457\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1536,430\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Science Source -&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s-1024x287.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s-1024x287.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s-1024x287.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s-300x84.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s-768x215.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage_s.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Cosmos: A Personal Voyage<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;is a thirteen-part television series written by&nbsp;<a title=\"Carl Sagan\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Sagan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Carl Sagan<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Ann Druyan\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ann_Druyan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ann Druyan<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a title=\"Steven Soter\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Steven_Soter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Steven Soter<\/a>, with Sagan as presenter. It was executive-produced by&nbsp;<a title=\"Adrian Malone\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Adrian_Malone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adrian Malone<\/a>, produced by David Kennard, Geoffrey Haines-Stiles, and Gregory Andorfer, and directed by the producers, David Oyster, Richard Wells, Tom Weidlinger, and others. It covers a wide range of scientific subjects, including the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Origin of life\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Origin_of_life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">origin of life<\/a>&nbsp;and a perspective of our place in the universe.<\/p>\n<p>The series was first broadcast by the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Public Broadcasting Service\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_Broadcasting_Service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Public Broadcasting Service<\/a>&nbsp;in 1980, and was the most widely watched series in the history of American&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Public television\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_television\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public television<\/a>&nbsp;until&nbsp;<i><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Civil War (TV series)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Civil_War_(TV_series)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Civil War<\/a><\/i>&nbsp;(1990). As of 2009, it was still the most widely watched PBS series in the world.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>&nbsp;It won two&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Emmy Awards\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emmy_Awards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emmys<\/a>&nbsp;and a&nbsp;<a title=\"Peabody Award\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peabody_Award\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Peabody Award<\/a>, and has since been broadcast in more than 60 countries and seen by over 500 million people.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Starchild_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>&nbsp;A&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cosmos (Carl Sagan book)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmos_(Carl_Sagan_book)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">book<\/a>&nbsp;was also published to accompany the series.<\/p>\n<p><em>Cosmos: A Personal Voyage<\/em>&nbsp;has been considered highly significant since its broadcast;&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"David Itzkoff\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Itzkoff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">David Itzkoff<\/a>&nbsp;of&nbsp;<i><a title=\"The New York Times\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The New York Times<\/a><\/i>&nbsp;described it as &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/08\/05\/arts\/television\/fox-plans-new-cosmos-with-seth-macfarlane-as-a-producer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a watershed moment for science-themed television programming<\/a>&#8220;.<sup id=\"cite_ref-nytimes_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li>Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WIKIPEDIA<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmos:_A_Personal_Voyage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cosmos: A Personal Voyage<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><ul id='GTTabs_ul_17425' class='GTTabs' style='display:none'>\n<li id='GTTabs_li_0_17425' class='GTTabs_curr'><a  id=\"17425_0\" onMouseOver=\"GTTabsShowLinks('Television series'); return true;\"  onMouseOut=\"GTTabsShowLinks();\"  class='GTTabsLinks'>Television series<\/a><\/li>\n<li id='GTTabs_li_1_17425' ><a  id=\"17425_1\" onMouseOver=\"GTTabsShowLinks('Episodes'); return true;\"  onMouseOut=\"GTTabsShowLinks();\"  class='GTTabsLinks'>Episodes<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class='GTTabs_divs GTTabs_curr_div' id='GTTabs_0_17425'>\n<span class='GTTabs_titles'><b>Television series<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<style>.embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .embed-container iframe, .embed-container object, .embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }<\/style><div class=\"embed-container\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed?list=PLqATjb8x-FbQgCONxBF77qNRzeOl62bkd\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><div class='GTTabsNavigation' style='display:none'><span class='GTTabs_nav_next'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_17425' onClick='GTTabs_show(1,17425)'>Episodes &gt;&gt;<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class='GTTabs_divs' id='GTTabs_1_17425'>\n<span class='GTTabs_titles'><b>Episodes<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 2333px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" scope=\"col\">No.<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 24px; width: 57.5521%;\" scope=\"col\">Title<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\" scope=\"col\">Original air date<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep1\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">1<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;The Shores of the Cosmic Ocean&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; text-align: center; width: 34.1146%;\">September&nbsp;28,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 170px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 170px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Carl Sagan opens the program with a description of the cosmos and a &#8220;Ship of the Imagination&#8221; (shaped like a dandelion seed). The ship journeys through the universe&#8217;s hundred billion&nbsp;<a title=\"Galaxy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galaxy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">galaxies<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Local Group\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Local_Group\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Local Group<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Andromeda Galaxy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andromeda_Galaxy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Andromeda Galaxy<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Milky Way\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Milky_Way\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Milky Way<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Orion Nebula\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orion_Nebula\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Orion Nebula<\/a>, our&nbsp;<a title=\"Solar System\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_System\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solar System<\/a>, and finally the planet Earth.&nbsp;<a title=\"Eratosthenes\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eratosthenes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eratosthenes<\/a>&#8216; successful calculation of the circumference of Earth leads to a description of the ancient&nbsp;<a title=\"Library of Alexandria\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Library_of_Alexandria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Alexandria<\/a>. Finally, the &#8220;Ages of Science&#8221; are described, before pulling back to the full span of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Cosmic Calendar\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmic_Calendar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cosmic Calendar<\/a>. Note: the revised version of the series adds an introduction by&nbsp;<a title=\"Ann Druyan\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ann_Druyan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ann Druyan<\/a>&nbsp;to this episode, recorded after Sagan&#8217;s death, in which she discusses some of the changes that occurred in the years after its broadcast.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep2\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">2<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;One Voice in the Cosmic Fugue&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">October&nbsp;5,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 190px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 190px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Sagan discusses the story of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Heikegani\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heikegani\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Heike crab<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Artificial selection\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Artificial_selection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">artificial selection<\/a>&nbsp;of crabs resembling&nbsp;<a title=\"Samurai\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samurai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">samurai<\/a>&nbsp;warriors, as an opening into a larger discussion of&nbsp;<a title=\"Evolution\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evolution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">evolution<\/a>&nbsp;through&nbsp;<a title=\"Natural selection\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natural_selection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">natural selection<\/a>&nbsp;(and the pitfalls of&nbsp;<a title=\"Intelligent design\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intelligent_design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">intelligent design<\/a>). Among the topics are the development of life on the&nbsp;<a title=\"Cosmic Calendar\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmic_Calendar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cosmic Calendar<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a title=\"Cambrian explosion\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cambrian_explosion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cambrian explosion<\/a>; the function of&nbsp;<a title=\"DNA\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DNA<\/a>&nbsp;in growth; genetic replication, repairs, and&nbsp;<a title=\"Mutation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mutation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mutation<\/a>; the common biochemistry of terrestrial organisms; the creation of the molecules of life in the&nbsp;<a title=\"Miller\u2013Urey experiment\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Miller%E2%80%93Urey_experiment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Miller\u2013Urey experiment<\/a>; and speculation on alien life (such as&nbsp;<a title=\"Jupiter\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jupiter#Possibility_of_life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">life in Jupiter&#8217;s clouds<\/a>). In the&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;ten years later, Sagan remarks on&nbsp;<a title=\"RNA\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/RNA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RNA<\/a>&nbsp;also controlling chemical reactions and reproducing itself and the different roles of comets (potentially carrying organic molecules or causing the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cretaceous-Paleogene_extinction_event\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event<\/a>).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep3\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">3<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Harmony of the Worlds&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">October&nbsp;12,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 127px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 127px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Beginning with the separation of the fuzzy thinking and pious fraud of&nbsp;<a title=\"Astrology\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Astrology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">astrology<\/a>&nbsp;from the careful observations of&nbsp;<a title=\"Astronomy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Astronomy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">astronomy<\/a>, Sagan follows the development of astronomical observation. Beginning with&nbsp;<a title=\"Constellation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constellation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">constellations<\/a>&nbsp;and ceremonial calendars (such as those of the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Anasazi\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anasazi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anasazi<\/a>), the story moves to the debate between Earth and Sun-centered models:&nbsp;<a title=\"Ptolemy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ptolemy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ptolemy<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a title=\"Geocentric model\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geocentric_model\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">geocentric<\/a>&nbsp;worldview, Copernicus&#8217; theory, the data-gathering of&nbsp;<a title=\"Tycho Brahe\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tycho_Brahe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tycho Brahe<\/a>, and the achievements of&nbsp;<a title=\"Johannes Kepler\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johannes_Kepler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Johannes Kepler<\/a>&nbsp;(<a title=\"Kepler's laws of planetary motion\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kepler&#8217;s laws of planetary motion<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a title=\"Somnium (novel)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somnium_(novel)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first science-fiction novel<\/a>).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep4\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">4<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Heaven and Hell&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">October&nbsp;19,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 107px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 107px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Sagan discusses&nbsp;<a title=\"Comet\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Comet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">comets<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Asteroid\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asteroid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">asteroids<\/a>&nbsp;as planetary impactors, giving recent examples of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Tunguska event\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tunguska_event\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tunguska event<\/a>&nbsp;and a&nbsp;<a title=\"Giordano Bruno (crater)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Giordano_Bruno_(crater)#Formation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lunar impact<\/a>&nbsp;described by&nbsp;<a title=\"Canterbury\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canterbury\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Canterbury<\/a>&nbsp;monks in 1178. It moves to a description of the environment of&nbsp;<a title=\"Venus\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Venus<\/a>, from the previous fantastic theories of people such as&nbsp;<a title=\"Immanuel Velikovsky\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Immanuel_Velikovsky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Immanuel Velikovsky<\/a>&nbsp;to the information gained by the&nbsp;<a title=\"Venera\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Venera\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Venera<\/a>&nbsp;landers and its implications for Earth&#8217;s&nbsp;<a title=\"Greenhouse effect\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Greenhouse_effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">greenhouse effect<\/a>. The&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;highlights the connection to&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Global warming\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_warming\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">global warming<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep5\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">5<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Blues for a Red Planet&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">October&nbsp;26,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 170px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 170px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">The episode, devoted to the planet&nbsp;<a title=\"Mars\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mars<\/a>, begins with scientific and fictional speculation about the Red Planet during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (<a title=\"H. G. Wells\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H._G._Wells\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">H. G. Wells<\/a>&#8216;&nbsp;<i><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The War of the Worlds (novel)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_War_of_the_Worlds_(novel)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The War of the Worlds<\/a><\/i>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Edgar Rice Burroughs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edgar_Rice_Burroughs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Edgar Rice Burroughs<\/a>&#8216; science fiction books, and&nbsp;<a title=\"Percival Lowell\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Percival_Lowell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Percival Lowell<\/a>&#8216;s false vision of&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Martian canals\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martian_canals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">canals on Mars<\/a>). It then moves to&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Robert Goddard (scientist)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Goddard_(scientist)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robert Goddard&#8217;s<\/a>&nbsp;early experiments in&nbsp;<a title=\"Rocket\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rocket\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rocket<\/a>-building, inspired by reading science fiction, and the work by&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of planetary probes\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_planetary_probes#Mars_probes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mars probes<\/a>, including the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Viking probes\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viking_probes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Viking<\/a>, searching for&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Life on Mars (planet)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Life_on_Mars_(planet)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">life on Mars<\/a>. The episode ends with the possibility of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Terraforming of Mars\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terraforming_of_Mars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">terraforming<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Colonization of Mars\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colonization_of_Mars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">colonization<\/a>&nbsp;of Mars and a&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;on the relevance of Mars&#8217; environment to Earth&#8217;s and the possibility of a&nbsp;<a title=\"Human mission to Mars\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_mission_to_Mars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">human mission to Mars<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep6\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">6<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Travellers&#8217; Tales&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">November&nbsp;2,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 170px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"height: 170px; width: 100%; text-align: left;\" colspan=\"4\">The journeys of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Voyager program\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voyager_program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Voyager<\/a>&nbsp;probes is put in the context of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Renaissance in the Low Countries\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Renaissance_in_the_Low_Countries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Netherlands in the seventeenth century<\/a>, with a centuries-long tradition of&nbsp;<a title=\"Sailing ship\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sailing_ship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sailing ship<\/a>&nbsp;explorers, and its contemporary thinkers (such as&nbsp;<a title=\"Constantijn Huygens\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constantijn_Huygens\">Constantijn Huygens<\/a>&nbsp;and his son&nbsp;<a title=\"Christiaan Huygens\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christiaan_Huygens\">Christian<\/a>). Their discoveries are compared to the Voyager probes&#8217; discoveries among the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Jupiter's natural satellites\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jupiter%27s_natural_satellites\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jovian<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Saturn's natural satellites\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Saturn%27s_natural_satellites\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Saturn systems<\/a>. Sagan was a member of the Voyager research team, and production of the episode coincided with the probes arriving at Jupiter; at one point, Sagan is filmed receiving one of the first-ever images of one of Jupiter&#8217;s moons. In&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>,&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Image processing\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Image_processing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">image processing<\/a>&nbsp;reconstructs Voyager&#8217;s worlds and Voyager&#8217;s last portrait of the Solar System as it leaves is shown.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep7\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">7<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;The Backbone of Night&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">November&nbsp;9,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 149px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 149px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Carl Sagan teaches students in a classroom in his childhood home in&nbsp;<a title=\"Brooklyn\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brooklyn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Brooklyn<\/a>, New York, which leads into a history of the different mythologies about stars and the gradual revelation of their true nature. In ancient Greece, some philosophers (<a title=\"Aristarchus of Samos\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aristarchus_of_Samos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aristarchus of Samos<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Thales of Miletus\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thales_of_Miletus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thales of Miletus<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Anaximander\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anaximander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anaximander<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Theodorus of Samos\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theodorus_of_Samos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Theodorus of Samos<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Empedocles\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Empedocles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Empedocles<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Democritus\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Democritus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Democritus<\/a>) freely pursue scientific knowledge, while others (<a title=\"Plato\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plato\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Plato<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Aristotle\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aristotle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aristotle<\/a>, and the&nbsp;<a title=\"Pythagoreanism\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pythagoreanism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pythagoreans<\/a>) advocate slavery and&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Epistemic\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epistemic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">epistemic<\/a>&nbsp;secrecy. During the episode, Sagan correctly gives the students the prediction that astronomers will confirm the existence of&nbsp;<a title=\"Exoplanet\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exoplanet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exoplanets<\/a>&nbsp;within their lifetime.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep8\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">8<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Journeys in Space and Time&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">November&nbsp;16,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 128px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 128px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Ideas about time and space are explored in the changes that&nbsp;<a title=\"Constellation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constellation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">constellations<\/a>&nbsp;undergo over time, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Redshift\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Redshift\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">redshift<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Blueshift\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blueshift\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blueshift<\/a>&nbsp;measured in interstellar objects,&nbsp;<a title=\"Time dilation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Time_dilation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">time dilation<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a title=\"Albert Einstein\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Albert_Einstein\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Albert Einstein<\/a>&#8216;s&nbsp;<a title=\"Theory of relativity\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theory_of_relativity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">theory of relativity<\/a>, the designs of both&nbsp;<a title=\"Leonardo da Vinci\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leonardo_da_Vinci\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Leonardo da Vinci<\/a>&nbsp;and spacecraft that could travel near&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Light speed\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Light_speed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">light speed<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Time travel\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Time_travel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">time travel<\/a>&nbsp;and its hypothetical effects on human history, the origins of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Solar System\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_System\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Solar System<\/a>, the history of life, and the immensity of space. In&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>, the idea of&nbsp;<a title=\"Faster-than-light\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Faster-than-light\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">faster-than-light<\/a>&nbsp;travel by&nbsp;<a title=\"Wormhole\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wormhole\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wormholes<\/a>&nbsp;(researched by&nbsp;<a title=\"Kip Thorne\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kip_Thorne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kip Thorne<\/a>&nbsp;and shown in Sagan&#8217;s novel&nbsp;<i><a title=\"Contact (novel)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contact_(novel)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contact<\/a><\/i>) is discussed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep9\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">9<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;The Lives of the Stars&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">November&nbsp;23,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 149px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"text-align: left; height: 149px; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">The simple act of making an apple pie is extrapolated into the&nbsp;<a title=\"Atom\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">atoms<\/a>&nbsp;and subatomic particles (<a title=\"Electron\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">electrons<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Proton\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Proton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protons<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a title=\"Neutron\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neutrons<\/a>) necessary. Many of the ingredients necessary are formed of chemical elements formed in the life and deaths of stars (such as our own Sun), resulting in massive&nbsp;<a title=\"Red giant\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Red_giant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">red giants<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Supernova\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Supernova\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">supernovae<\/a>&nbsp;or collapsing into&nbsp;<a title=\"White dwarf\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/White_dwarf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">white dwarfs<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Neutron star\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutron_star\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neutron stars<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Pulsar\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pulsar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">pulsars<\/a>, and even&nbsp;<a title=\"Black hole\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_hole\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">black holes<\/a>. These produce all sorts of phenomena, such as&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Radioactivity\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radioactivity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">radioactivity<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Cosmic ray\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cosmic_ray\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cosmic rays<\/a>, and even the curving of&nbsp;<a title=\"Spacetime\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spacetime\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spacetime<\/a>&nbsp;by gravity.&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;mentions the supernova&nbsp;<a title=\"SN 1987A\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SN_1987A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SN 1987A<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Neutrino astronomy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neutrino_astronomy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neutrino astronomy<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep10\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">10<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;The Edge of Forever&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">November&nbsp;30,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 170px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"height: 170px; text-align: left; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Beginning with the origins of the universe in the&nbsp;<a title=\"Big Bang\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Big_Bang\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Big Bang<\/a>, Sagan describes the formation of different types of galaxies and anomalies such as&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Galactic collision\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galactic_collision\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">galactic collisions<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Quasar\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quasar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">quasars<\/a>. The episode moves further into ideas about the&nbsp;<a title=\"Shape of the universe\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shape_of_the_universe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">structure of the Universe<\/a>, such as different dimensions (in the imaginary&nbsp;<a title=\"Flatland\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flatland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Flatland<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a title=\"Four-dimensional space\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Four-dimensional_space\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">four-dimensional<\/a>&nbsp;<a title=\"Tesseract\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tesseract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hypercubes<\/a>), an infinite vs. a finite universe, and the idea of an oscillating Universe (similar to that in&nbsp;<a title=\"Hindu cosmology\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindu_cosmology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hindu cosmology<\/a>). The search into other ideas such as&nbsp;<a title=\"Dark matter\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dark_matter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dark matter<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a title=\"Multiverse\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multiverse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multiverse<\/a>&nbsp;is shown, using tools such as the&nbsp;<a title=\"Very Large Array\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Very_Large_Array\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Very Large Array<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a title=\"New Mexico\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/New_Mexico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Mexico<\/a>.&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;shows new information about the odd, irregular surfaces of galaxies and the Milky Way perhaps being a&nbsp;<a title=\"Barred spiral galaxy\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barred_spiral_galaxy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">barred spiral galaxy<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep11\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">11<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;The Persistence of Memory&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">December&nbsp;7,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 128px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"height: 128px; text-align: left; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">The idea of intelligence is explored in the concepts of computers (using&nbsp;<a title=\"Bit\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bits<\/a>&nbsp;as their basic units of information), whales (in their songs and their disruptions by human activities),&nbsp;<a title=\"DNA\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DNA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DNA<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a title=\"Human brain\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human_brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">human brain<\/a>&nbsp;(the evolution of the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Brain stem\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brain_stem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">brain stem<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Frontal lobe\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frontal_lobe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">frontal lobes<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Neuron\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neuron\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neurons<\/a>,&nbsp;<a title=\"Cerebral hemisphere\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cerebral_hemisphere\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cerebral hemispheres<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a title=\"Corpus callosum\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corpus_callosum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">corpus callosum<\/a>&nbsp;under the&nbsp;<a title=\"Triune brain\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Triune_brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Triune Brain Model<\/a>), and man-made structures for&nbsp;<a title=\"Collective intelligence\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Collective_intelligence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">collective intelligence<\/a>&nbsp;(cities, libraries, books, computers, and satellites). The episode ends with speculation on alien intelligence and the information conveyed on the&nbsp;<a title=\"Voyager Golden Record\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voyager_Golden_Record\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Voyager Golden Record<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep12\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">12<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Encyclopaedia Galactica&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">December&nbsp;14,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 149px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"height: 149px; text-align: left; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Questions are raised about the search for intelligent life beyond the Earth, with&nbsp;<a title=\"Unidentified flying object\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unidentified_flying_object\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UFOs<\/a>&nbsp;and other close encounters refuted in favor of communications through&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"SETI\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SETI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SETI<\/a>&nbsp;and radio telescope such as the&nbsp;<a title=\"Arecibo Observatory\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arecibo_Observatory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Arecibo Observatory<\/a>. The probability of technically advanced civilizations existing elsewhere in the Milky Way is interpreted using the&nbsp;<a title=\"Drake equation\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Drake_equation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Drake equation<\/a>&nbsp;and a future hypothetical&nbsp;<i>Encyclopedia Galactica<\/i>&nbsp;(similar to&nbsp;<a title=\"Rosetta Stone\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosetta_Stone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rosetta Stone<\/a>) is discussed as a repository of information about other worlds in the galaxy. The&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;notes that there have been fewer sightings of UFOs and more stories of&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"UFO abduction\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/UFO_abduction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abductions<\/a>, while mentioning the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Megachannel ExtraTerrestrial Assay\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Megachannel_ExtraTerrestrial_Assay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">META<\/a>&nbsp;scanning the skies for signals.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"vevent\" style=\"height: 24px;\">\n<th id=\"ep13\" style=\"height: 24px; width: 7.03125%;\" rowspan=\"1\" scope=\"row\">13<\/th>\n<td class=\"summary\" style=\"height: 24px; text-align: left; width: 57.5521%;\">&#8220;Who Speaks for Earth?&#8221;<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 24px; width: 34.1146%;\">December&nbsp;21,&nbsp;1980<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"expand-child\" style=\"height: 190px;\">\n<td class=\"description\" style=\"height: 190px; text-align: left; width: 100%;\" colspan=\"4\">Sagan reflects on the future of humanity and the question of &#8220;who speaks for Earth?&#8221; when meeting extraterrestrials. He discusses the very different meetings of the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Tlingit people\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tlingit_people\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tlingit people<\/a>&nbsp;and explorer&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois de Galaup, comte de La P\u00e9rouse\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Galaup,_comte_de_La_P%C3%A9rouse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jean-Fran\u00e7ois de La P\u00e9rouse<\/a>&nbsp;with the destruction of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Aztecs\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aztecs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aztecs<\/a>&nbsp;by Spanish&nbsp;<a title=\"Conquistador\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conquistador\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">conquistadors<\/a>, the looming threat of&nbsp;<a title=\"Nuclear warfare\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_warfare\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear warfare<\/a>, and the threats shown by the&nbsp;<a title=\"Library of Alexandria\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Library_of_Alexandria#Destruction_of_the_Library\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">destruction of the Library of Alexandria<\/a>&nbsp;and the murder of&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Hypatia of Alexandria\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hypatia_of_Alexandria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hypatia<\/a>. The episode ends with an overview of the beginning of the universe, the evolution of life, and the accomplishments of humanity and makes a plea to mankind to cherish life and continue its journey in the cosmos. The&nbsp;<i>Cosmos Update<\/i>&nbsp;notes the preliminary reconnaissance of planets with spacecraft, the fall of the&nbsp;<a title=\"Berlin Wall\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Berlin_Wall\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Berlin Wall<\/a>&nbsp;and the end of&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Apartheid in South Africa\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apartheid_in_South_Africa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">apartheid in South Africa<\/a>, and measures towards the reduction of&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Nuclear weapons\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nuclear_weapons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nuclear weapons<\/a>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"epyt-gallery\" data-currpage=\"1\" id=\"epyt_gallery_82639\"><figure class=\"wp-block-embed wp-block-embed-youtube is-type-video is-provider-youtube epyt-figure\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><div class=\"epyt-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\"  id=\"_ytid_83492\"  width=\"480\" height=\"270\"  data-origwidth=\"480\" data-origheight=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jt_df3YEMQY?enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt&#038;autoplay=0&#038;cc_load_policy=0&#038;cc_lang_pref=&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;loop=0&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;playsinline=0&#038;autohide=2&#038;hl=pt_PT&#038;theme=dark&#038;color=red&#038;controls=1&#038;disablekb=0&#038;\" class=\"__youtube_prefs__  no-lazyload\" title=\"YouTube player\"  data-epytgalleryid=\"epyt_gallery_82639\"  allow=\"fullscreen; accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/figure><div class=\"epyt-gallery-list\"><div class=\"epyt-pagination \"><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" class=\"epyt-pagebutton epyt-prev  hide \" data-playlistid=\"PLqATjb8x-FbQgCONxBF77qNRzeOl62bkd\" data-pagesize=\"16\" data-pagetoken=\"\" data-epcolumns=\"4\" data-showtitle=\"1\" data-showpaging=\"1\" data-autonext=\"0\" data-thumbplay=\"1\"><div class=\"epyt-arrow\">&laquo;<\/div> <div>Prev<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-pagenumbers hide\"><div class=\"epyt-current\">1<\/div><div class=\"epyt-pageseparator\"> \/ <\/div><div class=\"epyt-totalpages\">1<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" class=\"epyt-pagebutton epyt-next hide \" data-playlistid=\"PLqATjb8x-FbQgCONxBF77qNRzeOl62bkd\" data-pagesize=\"16\" data-pagetoken=\"\" data-epcolumns=\"4\" data-showtitle=\"1\" data-showpaging=\"1\" data-autonext=\"0\" data-thumbplay=\"1\"><div>Next<\/div> <div class=\"epyt-arrow\">&raquo;<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-loader\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"loading\" width=\"16\" height=\"11\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/gallery-page-loader.gif\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-allthumbs  epyt-cols-4 \"><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"jt_df3YEMQY\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/jt_df3YEMQY\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Os Limites do Oceano C\u00f3smico<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"d8uSKM_nxt4\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/d8uSKM_nxt4\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">As Origens da Vida<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"2iWDtZBttZ8\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/2iWDtZBttZ8\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">A Harmonia dos Mundos<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"9-cjCjYhbpc\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/deleted-video-thumb.png)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Deleted video<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-rowbreak\"><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"RwddOmeU4Lc\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/RwddOmeU4Lc\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Os Segredos de Marte<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"7QaNqBEU3N0\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/7QaNqBEU3N0\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Hist\u00f3rias de Viajantes<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"3Ah_GiyGgAE\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3Ah_GiyGgAE\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">A Espinha Dorsal da Noite<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"1aaFyyV9LIU\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/1aaFyyV9LIU\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Viagens no Espa\u00e7o e Tempo<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-rowbreak\"><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"hL-gYmQPKVM\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/hL-gYmQPKVM\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">A Vida das Estrelas<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"LAu4Da3X5rg\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/LAu4Da3X5rg\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">O Limiar da Eternidade<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"ZRNPAayJXyk\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/ZRNPAayJXyk\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">A Persist\u00eancia da Mem\u00f3ria<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"90pzZai0aB8\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/90pzZai0aB8\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Enciclop\u00e9dia Gal\u00e1tica<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-rowbreak\"><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-videoid=\"qixyRRG9ZoA\" class=\"epyt-gallery-thumb\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img-box\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-img\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/qixyRRG9ZoA\/hqdefault.jpg)\"><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playhover\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"play\" class=\"epyt-play-img\" width=\"30\" height=\"23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/playhover.png\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\" \/><div class=\"epyt-gallery-playcrutch\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-title\">Quem Pode Salvar a Terra<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-gallery-clear\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-pagination \"><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" class=\"epyt-pagebutton epyt-prev  hide \" data-playlistid=\"PLqATjb8x-FbQgCONxBF77qNRzeOl62bkd\" data-pagesize=\"16\" data-pagetoken=\"\" data-epcolumns=\"4\" data-showtitle=\"1\" data-showpaging=\"1\" data-autonext=\"0\" data-thumbplay=\"1\"><div class=\"epyt-arrow\">&laquo;<\/div> <div>Prev<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-pagenumbers hide\"><div class=\"epyt-current\">1<\/div><div class=\"epyt-pageseparator\"> \/ <\/div><div class=\"epyt-totalpages\">1<\/div><\/div><div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" class=\"epyt-pagebutton epyt-next hide \" data-playlistid=\"PLqATjb8x-FbQgCONxBF77qNRzeOl62bkd\" data-pagesize=\"16\" data-pagetoken=\"\" data-epcolumns=\"4\" data-showtitle=\"1\" data-showpaging=\"1\" data-autonext=\"0\" data-thumbplay=\"1\"><div>Next<\/div> <div class=\"epyt-arrow\">&raquo;<\/div><\/div><div class=\"epyt-loader\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"loading\" width=\"16\" height=\"11\" src=\"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/plugins\/youtube-embed-plus\/images\/gallery-page-loader.gif\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><div class='GTTabsNavigation' style='display:none'><span class='GTTabs_nav_prev'><a href='#GTTabs_ul_17425' onClick='GTTabs_show(0,17425)'>&lt;&lt; Television series<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Related links<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: square;\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ki4nBNkWi0k\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Sounds Of Cosmos &#8211; Music from the original PBS version<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DaOTMZdVkv0&amp;list=PL_APkHQYDgLqIjezRgLCdGqt58ucAAZ9e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The music from the original PBS series, by episode<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cosmos: A Personal Voyage&nbsp;is a thirteen-part television series written by&nbsp;Carl Sagan,&nbsp;Ann Druyan, and&nbsp;Steven Soter, with Sagan as presenter. It was executive-produced by&nbsp;Adrian Malone, produced by David Kennard, Geoffrey Haines-Stiles, and Gregory Andorfer, and directed&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[411,4,7],"tags":[412,432,421,601,538,200],"series":[],"class_list":["post-17425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomia","category-ciencia-e-tecnologia","category-video","tag-astronomia","tag-carl-sagan","tag-ciencia","tag-cosmologia","tag-universo","tag-video-2"],"views":686,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Cosmos-A_Personal_Voyage.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17425"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21727,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17425\/revisions\/21727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17425"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.acasinhadamatematica.pt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fseries&post=17425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}